Litex Fans Dip Switches Location Receiver

A new immigration

thesis Susy vol.3

3 A new immigration

The serious crisis of these villages has a variety of sources, but the cause is surely the crisis and the relentless closing of the whole fabric of large and small industries. closed factories, disappear by employees and workers who worked there, then the artisans who interacted with the factories and their workers. Also begin to impoverish the shopkeepers and residents began the exodus of more affluent that have succeeded over the years to create a relatively stable economic situation and secure.

The consequence is a growing percentage of elderly residents or low-income that leads to a range of consequences including, for example, little or no maintenance of the buildings . The population of the City of Turin after the "peak" maximum undergoes a continuous reduction of 1973 until 2001, a trend similar to that of all major Italian cities. This depends mainly on the trips to the metropolitan area and the first belt and, secondly, by r Welcome Return of many immigrants in the South in their regions of origin .

E 'in this situation begin to arrive the first substantial f luxuries migration from foreign countries . Foreigners come when the economy and housing is already compromised by the process of disposal of industrial and exodus of the more affluent population . Immigrants, therefore, are not the trigger of the crisis, but their inclusion was not easy, you went to add new problems, tensions and difficulties of daily life in existing ones.

E 'should be specified that the flow of migrants who arrived in Turin is not the result of a single process: various foreign migratory waves that follow one another over the past thirty years and particularly over the last fifteen, characterized, especially the latter, by a growing intention to search for specific job opportunities and stable roots . The '70s and '80s may be remembered as the period of curiosity or indifference to the magnitude of a phenomenon still contained. The first flows consist mainly of domestic workers who have poor visibility and asylum seekers often prefer to pursue, in a relatively short time, to countries overseas. In the late '80s and late '90s, places the period of a new emergency , forcing the people of Turin to face, unprepared, with a phenomenon that begins to take considerable quantity sizes.

I thought it was interesting and exhaustive description of the phenomenon brought about by Fredo Olivero, director of 'Office Migrantes "Turin years that deals with immigration. For this reason I quoted his description about the advent of foreign immigrants in Turin, which he divided into five phases :

"The first phase encompasses the years between 1975 and 1986 . The 1975 is the year of reversal of migration flows in Europe due to the closure of the borders of France and Germany, where regular entries become impossible. The year 1976, according to the registrar of Turin and the police, marks the arrival of non-EU citizens, some transiting, others are more stable. Immigration immediately apparent from the beginning are in fact diverse communities present 97. There are many women who come from Cape Verde, Eritrea, Somalia and the Philippines, students who come from Iran, Greece, Anglophone Africa, political refugees not under contract, protected by the UNHCR (UN High Commissioner for refugees), with specific agreements (Vietnam, Chile); the Egyptian workers and the former European colonies, the Italians return from Argentina and Brazil. This phase at the end of 1985 saw foreign residents in Turin 2447 closes with the first real amnesty for work .

The second phase covers the period between 1987 and 1989 (amnesty law 943/86). And 'the beginning of' North African immigration characterized by the "transhumanist" of Moroccan workers Kouribga here to become itinerant with Yugoslavs (Rom), Chinese, Filipinos, Tunisians, Egyptians and Somalis. The cure of
39/90 Martelli Law that regulates almost all of the illegal marks the third phase . In '91 the registry will mark the 4777 census 14,047 foreign residents and new citizens in three years. And 'the early arrival of summer ( former Yugoslavia, Romania, Albania ). Foreign presence is beginning to be visible thanks to the first great wave of family reunion (30%) with a significant presence in many cases of children born here .

The fourth phase includes the period from 1997 to 2000. Marked by the arrival of Eastern workers, including Romania, Yugoslavia and Albania, as well as China, Philippines, Nigeria, Morocco and Peru. The family reunions are becoming more consistent with a higher frequency of mixed marriages . This results in a substantial increase in the population with families from one individual to pass four or five people . Increases correspondingly children born abroad must be integrated into school courses and the births of children to foreign couples children. At the end of 98 '26.694 aliens are registered at Turin.

In recent years the influx of foreigners has continued though the growth slowed . "In 2008 the increase of foreign residents compared to 2007 goes from 11 to 4% to 12.7%. Since 2007 a share considerable non-Italian residents registered on the electoral results from Romania: Romania residents constitute the highest number of foreigners in the city of Turin (47,771 in 2008) with a 16% increase over the previous year. " In practice in Turin for "every 100 foreign 41 were Romanians. The immigration from other continents instead sees Africa, with Morocco, provide as much revenue."
From Census 2001 (According to ISTAT data) the population had a significant increase due mainly to ' immigration from countries in sub-Saharan Africa and to a lesser number from other parts of Italy. Foreign nationals resident in Turin (in 2009) were 115,800, up 13% of the population . The major groups were made up of:

· 47,800 Romanians
· Moroccan Peruvian ·
17,700 7,100 5,400 Albanians
·
· 4500 Chilean

complications to be addressed for those who migrate from a foreign country are similar and in many cases even larger than those experienced by immigrants who preceded them in the fifties and coming south from the center of our peninsula. We live in the first months' the mpossibilità to communicate easily, to be able to explain and understand what is being said and asked. It faces the difficulty of looking for a home they can rely, at best, only on the good will of some relative or countryman.

The inability to find an otherwise 'flat if not agreeing to pay outrageously high figures for crumbling studios or apartments that have not received any maintenance in the last forty years . Adding to this are a series of nodes that must be taken into consideration, including:

- The company of origin from which they come, culture, family patterns at their disposal are very different from those found in Italy . The presence of different codes sometimes prevents, by the services, and real effective responses to requests that are made.

- In many cases, migrants who arrive in Turin have already experienced previous failure of cultural models and experiences of being uprooted, often belong to families who have experienced trauma in their homeland .

- There is a "fantasy world" consisting of irregular and illegal . A significant proportion of users of emergency services offered by the city is made up of foreigners without residence permits. Being able to regulate migration continues to be extremely complex and this is the fact that the Italian laws on fail to give a comprehensive answer to the problem.

Italian laws concerning the regulation of migration flows have been in the past and unfortunately still are, incomplete and unclear . Often subject to an individual reading of the Administration and police headquarters. This implies that for many people it is difficult to come into compliance. often take advantage those who have been able to get by, perhaps in ways not entirely correct, to the detriment of those people who, to keep strictly in rules, are unable to access the coveted residence permit.
The vast majority of families whose children attend the Arsenal Square are foreign and almost all face the problems resulting from this fact. In order to understand better what they are and how to address the difficulties that often live and bring me back parents during the interviews, I tried to clear my ideas on laws enacted to regulate the entry and stay of foreigners in our country. I thought might be useful to report because, although it does not appear to be directly connected with children and young people we meet every day, actually have strong repercussions on the lives of their families and the difficulties that they face have affected at least in part on the children.

As can be understood in the chapter "A New Immigration," since 1975 is that the flow of Italian emigrants to the central and northern Italy, has given way to an increasing flow of foreign immigrants constituted, in many cases, by irregular and illegal. On the other hand there was no law that did the burden of this situation. They not only could not work, but the law could not even exist , because missing applicable legislation, forming an indistinct illegal ignored by public institutions and viewed with an eye of the curious and distrustful of the common people .

Susanna De Stefanis